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September 15, 2025
Macular Degeneration and Vision Loss in Older Adults
Vision plays a vital role in independence, but age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of vision loss in people over 60. While it doesn’t cause complete blindness, AMD can severely impact daily activities.
What is AMD?
AMD affects the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp vision. This leads to blurry or dark areas in central vision, making reading and recognizing faces difficult.
Types of AMD:
- Dry AMD (most common) – gradual thinning of the macula.
- Wet AMD – abnormal blood vessels grow under the retina, leaking blood and fluid.
Risk Factors:
- Aging (especially over 65)
- Family history of AMD
- Smoking
- High blood pressure and obesity
- Prolonged sun exposure
Symptoms:
- Blurry or fuzzy vision
- Dark or empty spots in central vision
- Distortion of straight lines
- Difficulty recognizing faces
Prevention and Management:
- Regular Eye Exams – Early detection is key.
- Lifestyle Choices – Quit smoking, eat leafy greens, fish, and antioxidant-rich foods.
- Low Vision Aids – Magnifying glasses, special lighting, and adaptive technology.
- Caregiver Support – Assisting with daily activities, transportation, and medication management.
AMD can’t always be prevented, but with early detection, treatment, and strong family support, seniors can maintain independence and quality of life.
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